Dengue Infections Increase in Malaysia

A surge in dengue cases has been reported in numerous states across the nation. More than 36,500 people have been infected and over 110 fatalities have occurred since the beginning of 2010.

Most of the cases were reported from the states of Johor, Melaka, Pahang, Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory, Federal Territory Putrjaya, Sarawak, Terengganu and Negeri Sembilan. The death rate so far this year is 59 percent higher compared to the same period for 2009.

Health officials have urged people to eliminate mosquito breeding grounds in their property and take precautions against mosquito bites.
Dengue is endemic or consistently present in Malaysia and peak transmission of infection usually occurs between May and November.

The Disease

Dengue or “break-bone” fever is a viral disease found in tropical and sub-tropical areas. It is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito which is an urban dweller and unusually (for mosquitoes) feeds in the daytime. It is easily recognized by its black and white striped appearance(mostly seen on the legs). Not all mosquitoes are infected with the virus that causes Dengue.

Symptoms of Dengue include high fever, severe headache, and joint and muscle pain. A rash often follows these symptoms. The acute illness can last up to ten days, and complete recovery can take two to four weeks.

Occasionally, a potentially fatal form of dengue called dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) occurs. DHF usually occurs in patients who have previously been infected with one strain of dengue fever, then contract a different strain of the disease.

There is no vaccine against dengue fever. Prevention is the best form of defense: take precautions at all times to prevent being bitten by mosquitoes. This is the only way to prevent the disease.

Seek medical attention if you develop a high fever, especially if you suffer “rigors” (shaking) or a rash.

Prevent bites indoors and outdoors:

•  Wear light-coloured clothing that covers most of the body (long sleeves and long pants).
•  Use an effective insect repellent, such as one containing DEET, Picaridin, PMD, or IR3535. Reapply after swimming or excessive sweating.
•  Check that there is fly-wire on the windows.
•  Use “knock-down” insect spray to kill mosquitoes in your room.
•  Use electric insecticide vaporizers if mosquitoes can get into your room. (follow manufacturer’s instructions)
•  Note that air conditioning also repels mosquitoes.
•  Consider using an insecticide-treated bed net.